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Other vaccine preventable risks
The following vaccinations may be considered depending on your itinerary and planned activities. These can be discussed in more detail with one of our travel health consultants.
Hepatitis B
Rabies
Cholera
Tuberculosis
Yellow Fever *
* The Yellow Fever vaccination certificate may be required for travel to this country. Please click on the disease name above for more information.
Malaria risk
Risk of Malaria is present throughout the whole country all year round. Malaria tablets are strongly advised. This can be discussed in detail with one of our travel health consultants.
Non-vaccine preventable risks
- Travellers' Diarrhoea is usually caused by eating contaminated food or drinking unsafe water. Symptoms may be severe with frequent watery stools, thirst, dry mouth and tongue, headache and weakness. Water should always be treated when there is doubt about its cleanliness. Food that may be contaminated must be thoroughly cooked and hands washed prior to eating.
- HIV infection is spread through sexual intercourse or infected blood or blood products (eg. through blood transfusions or the use of contaminated instruments such as intravenous needles).
- Schistomiasis (Bilharzia) is spread through the fresh water snail. The larvae produced by the snails can swim and seek out human skin and find their way into the bladder and intestine. Symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, blood in urine and stools. Paddling or swimming in suspect fresh water lakes or slow running rivers should be avoided.
- Chikungunya fever is spread through the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito. Symptoms may include fever, chills, headache, severe joint pain &/or a generalised rash. Precautions must be taken to prevent mosquito bites, as there is no vaccine available against Chikungunya fever.
- Filariasis is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms may include fever and skin inflammation. Precautions must be taken to prevent mosquito bites, as there is no vaccine available against Filariasis.
- Dengue Fever, which is often referred to as break-bone fever, is spread through the bite of the mosquito. It causes a feverish illness with headache and muscle pains like a bad, prolonged, attack of influenza. A rash can also develop. It is becoming more common in many parts of the world. Mosquito bites should be avoided whenever possible.
- Tick Bites typhus is mainly prevalent in southern Africa and is spread by tick bites. Symptoms may include a fever & generalised rash.